Paper and Printing Techniques of Historical Red Packets
Historical red packets are more than just envelopes used during Chinese New Year or other major celebrations. They are rich in history, artistry, and meaning. Every detail—from the type of paper to the printing method—carries cultural symbolism and identity. For content creators, designers, collectors, and entrepreneurs interested in East Asian culture, understanding the techniques used in making ancient red packets offers deeper insight into the artistry and tradition they embody.
A Guide to Contents: Techniques and Stories Behind Red Packets
In this article, we explore:
- Traditional types of paper used in crafting historical red packets
- Various printing techniques existed before the advent of modern technology
- The use of color, gold, and embossing in decoration
- How methods evolved under colonialism and industrialization
- The importance of preserving traditional craftsmanship in modern times
Traditional Papers Used in Ancient Red Packets
In the history of historical red packets, the choice of paper plays a major role (pun intended) in expressing respect, luck, and beauty. This was never just ordinary paper. One of the most commonly used materials was xuan paper, a Chinese paper known for being thin yet strong. It’s often used for Chinese calligraphy and painting, making it ideal for red packets that feature designs and handwritten messages.
Other materials included cotton, abaca, and sometimes blended natural fibers. These papers weren’t just durable but also had a natural texture that gave the red packets a classical and elegant feel. Simpler versions used molded paper, which was easier to produce but still had a distinct character in terms of texture and appearance.
For many families, the paper choice wasn’t merely practical—it also carried meaning. Thicker and higher-quality paper demonstrated respect and the desire to offer good fortune to the recipient.
Printing Techniques Before Industrialization
Before the printing press and offset machines, making historical red packets required patience and creative skill. One of the earliest methods was woodblock printing, where the design was carved into a block of wood, inked, and pressed onto paper. Common motifs included dragons, phoenixes, or Chinese characters symbolizing wealth, luck, or longevity.
Another method was copperplate engraving, a more refined version of woodblock printing. The difference lay in the detail—lines were finer, and the number of prints was limited due to plate wear. This technique was often reserved for red packets given to significant figures like officials or elderly family members.
Calligraphy was also essential. Red envelopes were often inscribed by hand using Chinese brushes and ink. Sometimes, simple ink stamping was used to add symbols.
Even the ink held significance. Not all inks were created equal. Some red packets used ink made from natural materials to ensure durability and richness of color that would endure through time.
Techniques for Using Color and Gold
If there’s one thing that screams “red packet,” it’s the vivid red color. In historical red packets, red dye was not synthetic but derived from natural sources like cinnabar or crushed plants. Apart from their vibrant color, these ingredients were also believed to provide spiritual protection.
In more luxurious versions, gold leaf or metallic pigments were applied. This meticulous process involved layering thin sheets of gold onto the envelope design. It was often done for weddings or elder birthdays, signifying respect and importance.
Multiple layers of color were also used to enrich meaning. For example, a red base might be layered with gold for prosperity, while green or silver accents indicate health or peace.
Each celebration had its own style. Weddings featured more gold and rose tones; the New Year saw pure red and symbols of luck; and births included small symbols of babies or animals based on the Chinese zodiac.
Decoration and Embossing Techniques
No historical red packet is complete without its intricate decorations. Embossing was a common method where the design was raised from the paper, making features like dragons or phoenixes more tactile and visually striking.
Die-cut designs were also used, where paper was cut into intricate shapes using sharp metal molds. Each cut was deliberate, especially when the design featured complex patterns like lotus flowers or clouds.
Relief printing involved raising parts of the design so that only these areas received ink. This created a textured, almost three-dimensional effect that enhanced symbols of good fortune.
These were not mere embellishments—each element held meaning. Even simple stars or waves represented concepts from feng shui or traditional beliefs.
Evolution of Techniques During Colonialism and Modernization
When colonial powers arrived in various parts of Asia, the techniques used to create historical red packets began to change. Printing machines capable of producing hundreds of copies quickly became common. As a result, simpler and more easily replicated designs became widespread.
Western art styles, such as Art Deco, also influenced red packet design, especially in the mid-20th century. Typefaces and layouts became more symmetrical and minimalist, a departure from the detailed traditional styles.
A common question arose: Are mass-produced red packets better? While they were cheaper and faster to make, many collectors and elders believed that handcrafted envelopes had a unique spirit. They weren’t just personal—they were crafted with intention, prayer, and respect.
Ultimately, industrialization brought practicality but somewhat diluted the depth of meaning. Still, it didn’t kill the art. Many continue to make red packets using traditional methods, albeit in smaller quantities.
The Value of Preserving Traditional Techniques Today
In today’s world of digital printing and mass production, the art of making historical red packets is often overlooked. Yet, behind the rise of modern technology, there are individuals, institutions, and communities dedicated to reviving old techniques.
Museums and cultural centers in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China hold special exhibitions featuring red packets from as early as the 1800s. These displays include original woodblocks, copperplates, and envelopes that have remarkably withstood the test of time.
Art workshops have also emerged, teaching younger generations and artists how to recreate red packets the old-fashioned way. These workshops ensure that the craft and history remain unbroken.
In some cities, independent designers have begun using xuan paper and manual printing to create limited-edition red packets. Their goal is simple: to show that every envelope holds cultural value, beyond just the money inside.
In essence, historical red packets are like miniature pieces of history held by each recipient. Their design, paper, and craftsmanship reflect the era in which they were made. In this digital age, it becomes even more important to remember the beauty and depth of things made by hand and heart.
How the Spirit of Historical Red Packets Lives On
Historical red packets are not just relics of the past—they are also part of the present. By revisiting the materials and techniques behind them, we better understand their role as symbols of culture, art, and goodwill. With each red packet given in love and respect, we pass on not just luck, but also the story of where we come from.